ISSN: 1734-9923
eISSN: 2300-7621
OAI
DOI: 10.18276/aie.2023.61-04
Lista wydań /
61 (2023)
Amerykańska metafizyka rasy
| Autorzy: |
Mieczysław
Jagłowski
Uniwersytet Warmińsko-Mazurski, Instytut Filozofii |
| Słowa kluczowe: | rasa rasizm współczesna filozofia amerykańska realizm antyrealizm eliminatywizm konserwatyzm krytyka metafizyki rasy |
| Data publikacji całości: | 2023 |
| Liczba stron: | 22 (67-88) |
Abstrakt
W latach 90. XX wieku w Stanach Zjednoczonych rozpoczęła się debata na temat rasy, w którą angażują się liczni filozofowie. Na gruncie filozofii zyskała ona miano metafizyki rasy. Celem artykułu jest naszkicowanie stanowisk w obszarze metafizyki rasy jako wyodrębnionego, głównie amerykańskiego nurtu myśli filozoficznej - realizmu (naturalistycznego i konstruktywistycznego) oraz antyrealizmu – oraz wskazanie najważniejszych argumentów, jakimi ich najwybitniejsi proponenci uzasadniają swoje metafizyczne stanowiska, jak również kontrargumentów ich oponentów. Artykuł omawia także bardzo ważny z moralnego i społecznego punktu widzenia normatywny aspekt tego sporu, wyszczególniając na tej płaszczyźnie dwa główne stanowiska: eliminatywizm i konserwatyzm w kwestii obecności terminów i pojęć rasowych w dyskursach publicznych. W końcowych partiach artykułu rozważono relacje zachodzące między stanowiskami metafizycznymi i dyrektywami praktycznymi formułowanymi przez uczestników debaty oraz przedstawiono argumenty krytyczne dotyczące filozoficznej wartości i społecznej doniosłości tego nurtu myślenia.
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